H2SO4 and K2SO4 are chemical compounds that are commonly used in various industries and applications. H2SO4, also known as sulfuric acid, is a strong acid that is widely used in the production of fertilizers, dyes, detergents, and various chemical processes. It is highly corrosive and can cause severe burns if not handled properly. K2SO4, on the other hand, is potassium sulfate, a salt that is used as a fertilizer and in the manufacturing of glass, ceramics, and pharmaceuticals. It is also used in the production of potassium hydroxide and potassium carbonate. Both H2SO4 and K2SO4 play important roles in different industries, and their properties and applications make them essential chemicals in various processes.
Key Takeaways
Compound Chemical Formula Common Uses H2SO4 Sulfuric Acid Fertilizer production, dyes, detergents, chemical processes K2SO4 Potassium Fertilizer, glass and ceramics manufacturing, Sulfate pharmaceuticals, production of potassium hydroxide and potassium carbonate
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Understanding H2SO4 and K2SO4
What is the product of H2SO4 and K2SO4
When H2SO4, also known as sulfuric acid, reacts with K2SO4, potassium sulfate, a chemical reaction called an acid-base reaction takes place. The result of this reaction is the formation of a salt called KHSO4, potassium hydrogen sulfate, and water (H2O). The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is:
H2SO4 + K2SO4 → 2KHSO4 + H2O
In this equation, the coefficients represent the number of molecules or moles involved in the reaction. The “aq” notation indicates that the substances are in an aqueous solution, meaning they are dissolved in water.
What is K2SO4 in chemistry
K2SO4, also known as potassium sulfate, is an inorganic compound commonly used in various industries. It is a salt that is formed by the combination of potassium (K) ions and sulfate (SO4) ions. The chemical formula for potassium sulfate is K2SO4.
Potassium sulfate has several applications in chemistry. It is used as a fertilizer in agriculture due to its high potassium content, which is essential for plant growth. It is also used in the manufacturing of glass, dyes, and pharmaceuticals. Additionally, potassium sulfate is used in certain laboratory procedures and as a source of potassium in some electrolyte solutions.
Why is H2SO4 called sulfuric acid
H2SO4 is commonly referred to as sulfuric acid due to its chemical composition. It is an acid that contains sulfur, oxygen, and hydrogen atoms. Sulfuric acid is a strong acid and is widely used in various industries and laboratory settings.
The name “sulfuric acid” is derived from the element sulfur, which is a yellow, non-metallic element found in nature. When sulfuric acid is dissolved in water, it dissociates into hydrogen ions (H+) and sulfate ions (SO4^2-). This dissociation process is what gives sulfuric acid its characteristic acidic properties.
Is K2SO4 empirical or molecular
K2SO4, potassium sulfate, is an empirical formula. The empirical formula represents the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms in a compound. In the case of K2SO4, the empirical formula indicates that there are two potassium atoms (K) for every one sulfate ion (SO4^2-).
The molecular formula, on the other hand, represents the actual number of atoms of each element in a compound. In the case of K2SO4, the molecular formula is the same as the empirical formula because there are no subscripts that indicate a larger number of atoms.
In summary, K2SO4 is an empirical formula that represents the simplest ratio of potassium to sulfate ions in the compound.
The Reaction of H2SO4 and K2SO4
When sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and potassium sulfate (K2SO4) come together, a chemical reaction occurs. This reaction is known as an acid-base reaction or a neutralization reaction. It involves the formation of a salt through the combination of an acid and a base.
What type of reaction is H2SO4 + K2SO4?
The reaction between H2SO4 and K2SO4 is an acid-base reaction. Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) acts as the acid, while potassium sulfate (K2SO4) acts as the base. The acid donates a proton (H+) to the base, resulting in the formation of a salt.
Is H2SO4 + K2SO4 a complete reaction?
Yes, the reaction between H2SO4 and K2SO4 is a complete reaction. This means that all the reactants are consumed, and the reaction proceeds to completion. The reactants are fully converted into the products, which in this case is the salt formed by the combination of sulfuric acid and potassium sulfate.
Is H2SO4 + K2SO4 an exothermic or endothermic reaction?
The reaction between H2SO4 and K2SO4 is an exothermic reaction. This means that it releases heat energy during the reaction. The formation of the salt from the acid and base results in the release of energy in the form of heat.
Is H2SO4 + K2SO4 a redox reaction?
No, the reaction between H2SO4 and K2SO4 is not a redox reaction. In a redox reaction, there is a transfer of electrons between the reactants. However, in this acid-base reaction, there is no transfer of electrons. The reaction involves the combination of the acid and base to form a salt.
Is H2SO4 + K2SO4 a precipitation reaction?
No, the reaction between H2SO4 and K2SO4 is not a precipitation reaction. In a precipitation reaction, a solid precipitate is formed when two aqueous solutions are combined. However, in this acid-base reaction, a salt is formed in the aqueous solution without the formation of a solid precipitate.
Is H2SO4 + K2SO4 reversible or irreversible reaction?
The reaction between H2SO4 and K2SO4 is an irreversible reaction. This means that once the reaction has occurred and the salt is formed, it does not readily revert back to the original reactants. The reaction proceeds in one direction and does not reach a chemical equilibrium.
Is H2SO4 + K2SO4 a displacement reaction?
No, the reaction between H2SO4 and K2SO4 is not a displacement reaction. In a displacement reaction, one element or ion is replaced by another element or ion in a compound. However, in this acid-base reaction, there is no displacement of any element or ion. The reaction involves the combination of the acid and base to form a salt.
In summary, the reaction between sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and potassium sulfate (K2SO4) is an acid-base reaction that results in the formation of a salt. It is a complete, exothermic, and irreversible reaction. It is not a redox reaction, precipitation reaction, or displacement reaction.
Balancing the Reaction
How to balance H2SO4 + K2SO4
When it comes to balancing chemical equations, it’s important to ensure that the number of atoms on both sides of the equation is equal. In the case of the reaction between sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and potassium sulfate (K2SO4), we need to balance the equation to represent the correct stoichiometry.
To balance the equation H2SO4 + K2SO4, we start by counting the number of atoms on each side. We have 2 hydrogen (H) atoms and 4 oxygen (O) atoms on the left side, while on the right side, we have 2 potassium (K) atoms, 1 sulfur (S) atom, and 4 oxygen (O) atoms.
To balance the hydrogen atoms, we can place a coefficient of 2 in front of H2SO4, resulting in 2H2SO4. This gives us 4 hydrogen atoms on both sides. Next, we can place a coefficient of 1 in front of K2SO4, giving us 2 potassium atoms on both sides.
The balanced equation for the reaction H2SO4 + K2SO4 is:
2H2SO4 + K2SO4
How to balance H2SO4 + K2SO4 + MnO2 = H2O + KMnO4 + MnSO4
In this reaction, we have sulfuric acid (H2SO4), potassium sulfate (K2SO4), and manganese dioxide (MnO2) on the left side, and water (H2O), potassium permanganate (KMnO4), and manganese sulfate (MnSO4) on the right side.
To balance this equation, we need to ensure that the number of atoms on both sides is equal. Let’s break it down step by step:
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Start by balancing the sulfur (S) atoms. We have 2 sulfur atoms on the left side and 1 sulfur atom on the right side. To balance this, we can place a coefficient of 2 in front of KMnO4, resulting in 2KMnO4. This gives us 2 sulfur atoms on both sides.
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Next, let’s balance the manganese (Mn) atoms. We have 1 manganese atom on the left side and 1 manganese atom on the right side. The equation is already balanced in terms of manganese.
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Now, let’s balance the oxygen (O) atoms. We have 4 oxygen atoms on the left side and 4 oxygen atoms on the right side. The equation is balanced in terms of oxygen.
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Finally, let’s balance the hydrogen (H) atoms. We have 4 hydrogen atoms on the left side and 2 hydrogen atoms on the right side. To balance this, we can place a coefficient of 2 in front of H2O, resulting in 2H2O. This gives us 4 hydrogen atoms on both sides.
The balanced equation for the reaction H2SO4 + K2SO4 + MnO2 = H2O + KMnO4 + MnSO4 is:
2H2SO4 + K2SO4 + MnO2 = 2H2O + 2KMnO4 + MnSO4
How to balance K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4 = K2SO4 + Cr2(SO4)3 + H2O + O2
In this reaction, we have potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7), sulfuric acid (H2SO4), potassium sulfate (K2SO4), chromium(III) sulfate (Cr2(SO4)3), water (H2O), and oxygen (O2).
To balance this equation, let’s go through the steps:
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Start by balancing the chromium (Cr) atoms. We have 2 chromium atoms on the left side and 2 chromium atoms on the right side. The equation is already balanced in terms of chromium.
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Next, let’s balance the sulfur (S) atoms. We have 7 sulfur atoms on the right side (3 in Cr2(SO4)3 and 4 in K2SO4), but only 1 sulfur atom on the left side. To balance this, we can place a coefficient of 3 in front of H2SO4, resulting in 3H2SO4. This gives us 3 sulfur atoms on both sides.
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Now, let’s balance the oxygen (O) atoms. We have 14 oxygen atoms on the left side (7 in K2Cr2O7) and 14 oxygen atoms on the right side (4 in Cr2(SO4)3 and 10 in H2O). The equation is balanced in terms of oxygen.
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Finally, let’s balance the hydrogen (H) atoms. We have 8 hydrogen atoms on the left side (2 in H2SO4) and 4 hydrogen atoms on the right side (2 in H2O). To balance this, we can place a coefficient of 4 in front of H2O, resulting in 4H2O. This gives us 8 hydrogen atoms on both sides.
The balanced equation for the reaction K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4 = K2SO4 + Cr2(SO4)3 + H2O + O2 is:
K2Cr2O7 + 3H2SO4 = K2SO4 + Cr2(SO4)3 + 4H2O + 3O2
How to balance KOH + H2SO4 = K2SO4 + H2O
In this reaction, we have potassium hydroxide (KOH), sulfuric acid (H2SO4), potassium sulfate (K2SO4), and water (H2O).
To balance this equation, let’s follow these steps:
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Start by balancing the potassium (K) atoms. We have 1 potassium atom on the left side and 2 potassium atoms on the right side. To balance this, we can place a coefficient of 2 in front of KOH, resulting in 2KOH. This gives us 2 potassium atoms on both sides.
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Next, let’s balance the sulfur (S) atoms. We have 1 sulfur atom on the left side and 1 sulfur atom on the right side. The equation is already balanced in terms of sulfur.
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Now, let’s balance the oxygen (O) atoms. We have 2 oxygen atoms on the left side (1 in KOH and 1 in H2O) and 2 oxygen atoms on the right side (2 in K2SO4). The equation is balanced in terms of oxygen.
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Finally, let’s balance the hydrogen (H) atoms. We have 2 hydrogen atoms on the left side (2 in H2O) and 4 hydrogen atoms on the right side (2 in KOH and 2 in H2O). To balance this, we can place a coefficient of 2 in front of H2O on the left side, resulting in 2H2O. This gives us 4 hydrogen atoms on both sides.
The balanced equation for the reaction KOH + H2SO4 = K2SO4 + 2H2O is:
2KOH + H2SO4 = K2SO4 + 2H2O
How to balance H2SO4 + KOH = K2SO4 + H2O
In this reaction, we have sulfuric acid (H2SO4), potassium hydroxide (KOH), potassium sulfate (K2SO4), and water (H2O).
To balance this equation, let’s go through the steps:
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Start by balancing the hydrogen (H) atoms. We have 2 hydrogen atoms on the left side (2 in H2SO4) and 2 hydrogen atoms on the right side (2 in H2O). The equation is already balanced in terms of hydrogen.
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Next, let’s balance the sulfur (S) atoms. We have 1 sulfur atom on the left side and 1 sulfur atom on the right side. The equation is balanced in terms of sulfur.
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Now, let’s balance the oxygen (O) atoms. We have 4 oxygen atoms on the left side (4 in H2SO4) and 2 oxygen atoms on the right side (2 in K2SO4). To balance this, we can place a coefficient of 2 in front of K2SO4, resulting in 2K2SO4. This gives us 4 oxygen atoms on both sides.
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Finally, let’s balance the potassium (K) atoms. We have 1 potassium atom on the left side (in KOH) and 4 potassium atoms on the right side (2 in K2SO4). To balance this, we can place a coefficient of 2 in front of KOH, resulting in 2KOH. This gives us 2 potassium atoms on both sides.
The balanced equation for the reaction H2SO4 + 2KOH = 2K2SO4 + 2H2O is:
H2SO4 + 2KOH = 2K2SO4 + 2H2O
Remember, when balancing chemical equations, it’s important to consider the coefficients as the number of molecules or formula units, not just individual atoms.
Exploring the Properties of the Reaction
The reaction between sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and potassium sulfate (K2SO4) is an interesting topic in inorganic chemistry. This acid-base reaction involves the neutralization of sulfuric acid with potassium sulfate, resulting in the formation of a salt. Let’s delve into the various properties of this reaction and understand its significance.
H2SO4 + K2SO4 Titration
Titration is a common technique used to determine the concentration of a solution. In the case of the H2SO4 + K2SO4 reaction, titration can be employed to measure the amount of sulfuric acid present in a solution. By adding a known concentration of a base, such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH), to the acid solution, the point of neutralization can be determined, allowing for the calculation of the acid’s concentration.
H2SO4 + K2SO4 Net Ionic Equation
The net ionic equation for the reaction between H2SO4 and K2SO4 can be derived by considering the dissociation of the compounds in aqueous solution. In this case, the net ionic equation can be written as follows:
H2SO4(aq) + K2SO4(aq) → 2K+(aq) + SO4^2-(aq) + 2H2O(l)
This equation represents the essential species involved in the reaction, omitting spectator ions that do not participate in the overall reaction.
H2SO4 + K2SO4 Conjugate Pairs
Conjugate pairs play a crucial role in acid-base reactions. In the H2SO4 + K2SO4 reaction, the conjugate acid of H2SO4 is HSO4^-, while the conjugate base of K2SO4 is SO4^2-. These pairs are important in understanding the transfer of protons between species during the reaction.
H2SO4 and K2SO4 Intermolecular Forces
Intermolecular forces are the attractive forces between molecules. In the case of H2SO4 and K2SO4, both compounds exhibit strong intermolecular forces due to the presence of ionic bonds. Sulfuric acid contains polar covalent bonds, while potassium sulfate consists of ionic bonds. These forces contribute to the stability and properties of the compounds.
H2SO4 + K2SO4 Reaction Enthalpy
The reaction enthalpy, or heat of reaction, provides information about the energy changes that occur during a chemical reaction. The reaction between H2SO4 and K2SO4 is exothermic, meaning it releases heat. The negative value of the reaction enthalpy indicates that the reaction is thermodynamically favorable.
Is H2SO4 + K2SO4 a Buffer Solution?
A buffer solution is a solution that resists changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added. The H2SO4 + K2SO4 reaction does not result in a buffer solution since both sulfuric acid and potassium sulfate are strong acids. Buffer solutions typically involve a weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid.
By exploring the properties of the H2SO4 + K2SO4 reaction, we gain insights into the stoichiometry, balanced chemical equation, aqueous solution behavior, and the formation of acid and salt. Understanding these properties is essential for various applications, such as chemical synthesis and the study of chemical equilibrium.
It is important to note that handling sulfuric acid and potassium sulfate requires safety precautions due to their corrosive nature. Proper protective equipment and procedures should be followed to ensure safe experimentation and handling of these chemical compounds.
Solubility and Dissociation
Solubility and dissociation are important concepts in inorganic chemistry that help us understand how certain substances interact with water. In this section, we will explore the solubility and dissociation of potassium sulfate (K2SO4) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4) in water.
Why is K2SO4 soluble in water?
Potassium sulfate (K2SO4) is a compound that readily dissolves in water. This solubility can be attributed to the nature of its chemical bonds and the interactions between its ions and water molecules. When K2SO4 is added to water, the positive potassium ions (K+) and negative sulfate ions (SO4^2-) separate from each other due to the attraction of these ions to the polar water molecules.
The dissociation of K2SO4 in water can be represented by the balanced chemical equation:
K2SO4(s) → 2K+(aq) + SO4^2-(aq)
As the equation shows, the solid K2SO4 breaks down into its constituent ions, which are then surrounded by water molecules in the aqueous solution. This process of dissociation allows K2SO4 to dissolve and become soluble in water.
Does K2SO4 dissociate in water?
Yes, K2SO4 dissociates in water. As mentioned earlier, when K2SO4 is added to water, it undergoes dissociation, breaking down into potassium ions (K+) and sulfate ions (SO4^2-). This dissociation is a result of the strong attraction between the ions and the polar water molecules.
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The dissociation of K2SO4 can be represented by the balanced chemical equation:
K2SO4(s) → 2K+(aq) + SO4^2-(aq)
This equation shows that one unit of K2SO4 dissociates into two units of potassium ions and one unit of sulfate ions in the aqueous solution.
Does H2SO4 dissolve in water?
Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is a highly soluble compound in water. When H2SO4 is added to water, it readily dissolves due to its strong affinity for water molecules. This solubility is a result of the acid-base reaction between H2SO4 and water.
The chemical reaction between H2SO4 and water can be represented by the balanced chemical equation:
H2SO4(l) + H2O(l) → H3O+(aq) + HSO4^-(aq)
In this reaction, one molecule of sulfuric acid reacts with one molecule of water to form hydronium ions (H3O+) and hydrogen sulfate ions (HSO4^-). These ions are then surrounded by water molecules in the aqueous solution.
Does H2SO4 dissociate in water?
Yes, H2SO4 dissociates in water. When sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is added to water, it undergoes dissociation, breaking down into hydronium ions (H3O+) and hydrogen sulfate ions (HSO4^-). This dissociation occurs due to the strong acid-base reaction between H2SO4 and water.
The dissociation of H2SO4 can be represented by the balanced chemical equation:
H2SO4(l) + H2O(l) → H3O+(aq) + HSO4^-(aq)
As the equation shows, one molecule of H2SO4 dissociates into one hydronium ion and one hydrogen sulfate ion in the aqueous solution.
In summary, both potassium sulfate (K2SO4) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4) are soluble in water. K2SO4 dissociates into potassium ions (K+) and sulfate ions (SO4^2-), while H2SO4 dissociates into hydronium ions (H3O+) and hydrogen sulfate ions (HSO4^-) when added to water. Understanding the solubility and dissociation of these compounds is essential in various areas of chemistry, such as stoichiometry, acid-base reactions, and salt formation. However, it is important to handle concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and potassium sulfate (K2SO4) with caution and follow proper safety precautions due to their corrosive nature.
Other Reactions Involving H2SO4 and K2SO4
Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and potassium sulfate (K2SO4) are versatile compounds that can participate in various chemical reactions. Let’s explore some of the interesting reactions involving these compounds.
Reaction of H2SO4 with Sugar
When sulfuric acid reacts with sugar, an interesting chemical reaction takes place. The sulfuric acid acts as a dehydrating agent, removing water molecules from the sugar molecule. This results in the formation of a black, carbon-rich substance known as “caramelization.” The reaction can be represented by the following balanced chemical equation:
C12H22O11 (sugar) + H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) → 12C (carbon) + 11H2O (water) + H2SO4
When H2SO4 is Neutralized by KOH in Aqueous Solution, the Net Ionic Equation is
When sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is neutralized by potassium hydroxide (KOH) in an aqueous solution, a classic acid-base reaction occurs. The net ionic equation for this reaction can be represented as follows:
H+ (aq) + OH- (aq) → H2O (l)
In this reaction, the hydrogen ions (H+) from sulfuric acid combine with the hydroxide ions (OH-) from potassium hydroxide to form water (H2O).
When H2SO4 is Neutralized by NaOH in Aqueous Solution
Similar to the reaction with KOH, when sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is neutralized by sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in an aqueous solution, an acid-base reaction occurs. The balanced chemical equation for this reaction can be represented as follows:
H2SO4 (aq) + 2NaOH (aq) → Na2SO4 (aq) + 2H2O (l)
In this reaction, the hydrogen ions (H+) from sulfuric acid combine with the hydroxide ions (OH-) from sodium hydroxide to form water (H2O), while sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) is formed as a salt.
H2SO4 + KBr
When sulfuric acid (H2SO4) reacts with potassium bromide (KBr), a displacement reaction occurs. The balanced chemical equation for this reaction can be represented as follows:
H2SO4 (aq) + 2KBr (aq) → K2SO4 (aq) + 2HBr (aq)
In this reaction, sulfuric acid displaces bromine from potassium bromide, resulting in the formation of potassium sulfate (K2SO4) and hydrogen bromide (HBr).
These reactions involving sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and potassium sulfate (K2SO4) demonstrate the versatility of these compounds in various chemical processes. Whether it’s the dehydration of sugar, neutralization reactions with hydroxides, or displacement reactions with other compounds, these reactions showcase the fascinating world of inorganic chemistry.
Remember, when working with sulfuric acid and potassium sulfate, it is important to follow safety precautions due to their corrosive nature. Always handle these chemicals with care and ensure proper ventilation and protective equipment are used.
Now that we have explored these reactions, let’s dive deeper into the world of chemical reactions and their fascinating properties.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the combination of H2SO4 and K2SO4 is a powerful and versatile chemical mixture. The sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and potassium sulfate (K2SO4) react together to form a solution that has various applications in industries and laboratories. This mixture is commonly used as a fertilizer, as it provides essential nutrients like sulfur and potassium to plants. Additionally, H2SO4 and K2SO4 can be utilized in the production of detergents, dyes, and pharmaceuticals. The combination of these two compounds offers a wide range of uses and plays a significant role in many industrial processes.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. Does H2SO4 release hydroxide ions in water?
No, H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) does not release hydroxide ions in water. Instead, it dissociates to release hydrogen ions (H+) making the solution acidic.
2. Why is H2SO4 called sulfuric acid?
H2SO4 is called sulfuric acid because it is an acid composed of hydrogen, sulfur, and oxygen. The name reflects its chemical composition, with the “sulfuric” part indicating the presence of sulfur.
3. What is the balanced equation for the reaction between H2SO4 and KOH?
The balanced equation for the reaction between H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) and KOH (potassium hydroxide) is H2SO4 + 2KOH = K2SO4 + 2H2O. This is an example of an acid-base neutralization reaction.
4. What happens when H2SO4 reacts with sugar?
When H2SO4 reacts with sugar (sucrose), it dehydrates the sugar, removing water molecules and leaving behind a black mass of carbon. The reaction is highly exothermic, releasing heat.
5. Is K2SO4 empirical or molecular?
K2SO4 represents both the empirical and molecular formula. The empirical formula shows the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms in a compound, while the molecular formula shows the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule of the compound. In the case of K2SO4, both are the same.
6. What is the molar mass of KSO4?
The molar mass of KSO4 (potassium sulfate) is approximately 174.26 g/mol. This is calculated by adding the molar masses of two potassium atoms, one sulfur atom, and four oxygen atoms.
7. What happens when H2SO4 is neutralized by KOH in aqueous solution?
When H2SO4 is neutralized by KOH in aqueous solution, the acid and base react to form water and a salt (K2SO4). The net ionic equation for this neutralization reaction is 2OH- + 2H+ = 2H2O.
8. Why is H2SO4 a strong acid?
H2SO4 is a strong acid because it ionizes completely in aqueous solution, releasing two hydrogen ions (H+) for every molecule of H2SO4. This complete ionization is characteristic of strong acids.
9. Does K2SO4 dissociate in water?
Yes, K2SO4 (potassium sulfate) does dissociate in water. It breaks down into its constituent ions, K+ and SO4^2-, making the solution conductive.
10. Why is K2SO4 soluble in water?
K2SO4 is soluble in water due to the strong electrostatic forces between the polar water molecules and the K+ and SO4^2- ions in K2SO4. These forces pull the ions away from the lattice, causing it to dissolve in water.
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